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U.S. State46th State • November 16, 1907
Oklahoma State Flag

Oklahoma

"The Sooner State"

More tribal nations than any other state, the land run that named a generation, the Dust Bowl, Black Wall Street, the Oklahoma City bombing, and a Supreme Court decision that rewrote the legal map of half the state, Oklahoma's history demands to be told.

4.1M
Population
46th
State (1907)
39
Tribal Nations
1889
Year of Land Run

About Oklahoma

Oklahoma is a state built on contradictions and carried forward by resilience. It was Indian Territory before it was a state, the land promised in perpetuity to the Five Civilized Tribes and dozens of other nations forcibly relocated from the East, only to be opened to white settlement in a series of land runs that defined the state's character and gave it its name. More tribal nations call Oklahoma home than any other state, and the 2020 McGirt decision reminded the country that the promises of those original removal treaties are not yet finished business.

The red clay soil, the oil derricks on the Capitol lawn, the memory of Black Sunday's dust storms, the 165 empty chairs at the Oklahoma City National Memorial, Oklahoma's identity is inseparable from its most difficult history. But it is also the state of Will Rogers's wit, Woody Guthrie's music, Jim Thorpe's athleticism, and the Tulsa skyline rising from Art Deco buildings funded by the same oil boom that dispossessed the Osage of their wealth and their lives.

The Oklahoma of today is a state in genuine transition: growing cities drawing young workers from across the region, tribal nations building economic institutions of national significance, wind turbines replacing oil derricks across the western plains, and a university system producing graduates who increasingly choose to stay. The contradictions have not been resolved. But Oklahoma has never been a state that waited for resolution before moving forward.

The Oklahoma City skyline, home to the state capitol, Devon Energy Center, and the National Memorial honoring the 168 victims of the 1995 bombing

Oklahoma's Five Regions

An Oklahoma oil derrick pumping crude from the rich petroleum reserves beneath the state, anchoring the energy sector that has driven Oklahoma's economy for over a century

Economy

Oklahoma's economy has been shaped by oil booms and busts for over a century, but the 21st-century state is broader than its petroleum heritage: tribal gaming, aerospace manufacturing, wind energy, and agriculture all play significant roles in a diversifying economy that is learning, slowly and unevenly, to hedge its bets against oil's volatility.

The Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge in southwestern Oklahoma, home to one of the largest free-roaming American bison herds in the country